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Helicobacter pylori
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Risk Factors
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Did you know? Before the link between H. pylori and ulcers was discovered, stress and spicy foods were often blamed. |
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Background
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacterium that makes its home in the gastric mucus layer, or the cell lining, of the human stomach. As the bacteria colonize the stomach, the lining is weakened and vulnerable to irritation from natural stomach acids. The result—an ulcer.
Although approximately half of the world’s population tests positive for H. pylori in their gastrointestinal tracts, only 10-20% have a lifetime risk of developing ulcers, with a 1-2% chance of stomach cancer. More than 80% of persons infected with H. pylori experience no adverse effects. Recent research suggests that not all microbial strains are equal, and certain strains possess specific genetic sequences that lead to an increased ability for the organism to cause damage in the host.
While antibiotics can be effective for treating H. pylori infection, certain strains have developed antibiotic resistance and may require a combination of treatments.
Proof that exposure to H. pylori in drinking water leads to human disease is not yet definitive; however, numerous studies have isolated H. pylori from drinking water sources and have shown that the bacterium can survive conventional disinfection practices.
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacterium that makes its home in the gastric mucus layer, or the cell lining, of the human stomach. As the bacteria colonize the stomach, the lining is weakened and vulnerable to irritation from natural stomach acids. The result—an ulcer.
Although approximately half of the world’s population tests positive for H. pylori in their gastrointestinal tracts, only 10-20% have a lifetime risk of developing ulcers, with a 1-2% chance of stomach cancer. More than 80% of persons infected with H. pylori experience no adverse effects. Recent research suggests that not all microbial strains are equal, and certain strains possess specific genetic sequences that lead to an increased ability for the organism to cause damage in the host.
While antibiotics can be effective for treating H. pylori infection, certain strains have developed antibiotic resistance and may require a combination of treatments.
Proof that exposure to H. pylori in drinking water leads to human disease is not yet definitive; however, numerous studies have isolated H. pylori from drinking water sources and have shown that the bacterium can survive conventional disinfection practices.
Other Resources:
- Mayo Clinic: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection [Link]
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